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The COVID-19 outbreak has been designated a pandemic and is spreading quickly around the world. The industries most impacted by COVID-19, which has proved a barrier to every major business, were the e-commerce businesses that use door-to-door delivery methods. It's critical to have an unmanned strategy that can be applied to diverse sites during this key time. Although the driverless vehicle is not a novel idea, problems can occur when these systems run into the uneven pavement or unexpected obstacles. The methods for ensuring the stability of the commodities delivered by autonomous robots are discussed in this research. This mechanism guards against product damage. Additionally, a motor that stabilizes a robot's product compartment uses a gyroscope sensor to detect angular rotation and axial movement and preserve the orientation of a quadrupedal leg. In order to conduct trials that mimic problems in the real world, rectify errors, and offer solutions, a prototype model of a robot's stability platform has been created. This type of technological advancement will aid us in future efforts to combat global catastrophes. © 2023 IEEE.
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The rise of e-commerce and online shopping platforms has revolutionized the way we shop and make purchases. While the convenience and accessibility of online shopping have been a boon for consumers, it has also led to the rise of compulsive buying behavior and online shopping addiction among women. The purpose of this paper is to explore the phenomenon of compulsive buying behavior and online shopping addiction among women and to understand the factors that contribute to this problem. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature on compulsive buying behavior and online shopping addiction using a purposeful sample of two hundred women who consider themselves to be addicted to online shopping. The findings from this paper can help shed light on the issue and inform future research and interventions aimed at addressing compulsive buying behavior and online shopping addiction among women. © 2023 NSP Natural Sciences Publishing Cor.
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Cybersecurity is an increasingly important factor in consumer attitudes toward online shopping. Online shopping has become an essential part of our lives in this digital era. As the popularity of online and e-commerce shopping continues to grow, so does the potential for cyber threats and attacks. As more and more consumers turn to online shopping, cyber threats such as hacking, identity theft, and credit card fraud have become more frequent. Therefore, understanding the factors of cybersecurity that affect consumer attitude is essential to build trust and creating a safe and sound shopping environment. This research explores the factors of cybersecurity that affect consumers' attitudes to shopping online and uses a survey to test several hypotheses related to influential cyber factors. Bangladesh is a developing country in Southeast Asia, and like many other countries, has experienced an increase in cyber threats and attacks in recent years. Consumers in Bangladesh face many of the same cyber threats, such as phasing attacks, malware, data breach, and other types of cyber security threats over online shopping. As a result of these cyber threats, online consumers are increasingly concerned about online security risks which may impact their willingness to engage in online shopping. Therefore, it is essential to identify critical factors of cyber security that impact consumers's attitudes toward online shopping to mitigate cyber risk and improve consumer trust in online shopping. This paper provides the result of a research study that will provide a better understanding of factors that influence consumer's trust and engagement with online and E-commerce platforms in Bangladesh) . © 2023 IEEE.
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The e-commerce industry significantly expanded during a negative economic recession. This is because, during the COVID-19 epidemic, many countries enacted social limitations that caused various economic activities to diminish in many sectors and resulted in layoffs in various businesses because there was no production activity. Through consumer attributes such as impulsive buying tendencies, shopping enjoyment preferences, moods, and personal situations, this study aims to understand the factors contributing to impulsive buying. The SEM statistical method and PLS software were used to test the research model empirically. Sampling with a purpose was chosen. Two hundred legitimate respondents were used as samples to test the assumptions. First, the study found that impulsive buying patterns, moods, and situations all positively influence impulsive purchases. Second, other elements, such spending patterns, are not significant. This demonstrates that customers can enjoy looking up information about the desired goods, but it hasn't yet led customers to make impulsive purchases at online shops.
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The subject of the study in the article is the e-commerce market in Europe. The aim of the article is to analyze the regional features of e-commerce in Europe using the main development indicators of e-commerce. The paper uses the method of desktop research, i.e. the analysis of available data, which is to obtain and study information that is already in the form of reports, statistics and research. In addition, the impact of COVID-19 on the development of e-commerce in Europe was presented. © 2022 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.
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The article aims to consider the business strategy transformation process in the context of global digitalization and the COVID-1 9 pandemic in business and the economy. To achieve the goal, the authors analyzed the notions of "IT strategy", "digital strategy" and "digital transformation strategy" and established their hierarchy;the key features of the strategy in the digital world are identified, namely: risk as the basis for development, people as the main business value and the formation of the right mindset of participants in digital transformation;the process of implementing the digital transformation strategy in the company is considered. The objective of the article was achieved through a review of the literature and the use of scientific methods, namely: comparative analysis, synthesis, and historical and logical methods. The results obtained contribute to the understanding of scientists and professionals about the development management process in the digital world.
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Value-added Tax (VAT), a turnover tax levied on the value appreciated in commodities production, circulation and sale, has been widely practiced by economies worldwide for its neutrality. From the international perspective, European Union VAT and New Zealand VAT stand out as characteristic models of VAT development and reform history. With changing economic development models and the growth of e-commerce businesses, VAT systems have been upgraded to meet taxation challenges brought about by the digital economy. Recently, VAT policies and measures have been introduced particularly to combat the COVID-19 impact. In China, the VAT system has been reformed constantly over the past 40 years and has been converging with international practice. China now needs to address emerging VAT issues through legislation, tax incentives, and tax-rate grades so as to meet challenges in VAT collection and management and to suit the "new normal” of economic development. © 2022 Brill Academic Publishers. All rights reserved.
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Communication standards and protocols are detrimental to the success of any Internet of Things (IoT) system or application. Selecting a communication standard and a suitable middleware or messaging protocol for IoT connectivity is challenging due to the heterogeneous resource-constrained IoT devices and their messaging requirements. Recently, several messaging/middleware protocols in the IoT field were developed and adopted in the industry. However, to date, there is no specific messaging protocol that can support all messaging use cases and fulfil the overall requirements of IoT systems. Therefore, it is critical to understand the application layer messaging and communication protocols of IoT systems to identify the most appropriate protocol that could fit and be applied in various contexts. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the MQTT, CoAP, and AMQP messaging protocols including their security. © 2022 ACM.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to measure the supply chain competitiveness of the e-commerce industry in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a multi-criteria decision-making model based on the analytic hierarchy process. Four main criteria are used to measure the supply chain competitiveness, i.e. cost, differentiation, sustainability and infrastructure.FindingsThe findings of this study show that cost is the most important criterion with a degree of importance of 33.19%, followed by infrastructure of 29.40%, differentiation of 27.96% and sustainability of 9.45%. It shows that the internally controlled strategy contributes about 70% of supply chain competitiveness. The internal infrastructure criterion that consists of software and hardware contributes 65.92% to the whole infrastructure criterion. The internal infrastructure then contributes 19.38% to supply chain competitiveness. Therefore, the internally controlled strategies and internal infrastructure contribute up to 90.08% to the supply chain competitiveness of e-commerce in Indonesia. This result implies that to attain the supply chain competitiveness, the company must carry out strategies focusing on the performance such as cost, differentiation, sustainability as well as on the internal infrastructure such as software and hardware.Research limitations/implicationsIn this paper, the authors limited their study to the business to business (B2B) and business to consumer (B2C) players because these two platforms have been experiencing a very rapid growth. While e-commerce business can take many platforms besides B2B and B2C, the future research should include other platform such as consumer to consumer as well. Because the focus in this study is more the information and material flows, it will be of great interest if the future research covers the platform of mobile payment as well that guarantee the ease of cashflows within supply chains. Also, with the occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic when this paper was written, in the near future, it is then of great interest to incorporate the pandemic context into the proposed model used in this study. The further study should analyze long-term changes happened as the result of pandemic such as behavioral changes of online shopping from customer side or shift in e-commerce supply chain infrastructure and inventory practice.Practical implicationsWith this study, it is expected that it can be determined which criteria contribute the most to the supply chain competitiveness of the e-commerce industry in Indonesia that will be useful for industry player.Originality/valueE-commerce development in Indonesia is still facing serious challenges. The multi-criteria decision making approach used in this research lays a foundation of how supply chain competitiveness is determined based on the judgment of experts coming from major companies within the supply chain.
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Our world is changing too fast. The distances have been shortened and communication has been increased by the invention and widespread use of the internet. Our habits started to change in many aspects of our lives by the development of digitalization. Especially during the pandemic Covid-19 that has started at the end of 2019, it's observed that mobility of people have been decreased and however, they began to have difficulties in meeting the needs. There has been a great demand for companies that sell over the internet. In particular, the tendencies of people to purchase food items which are their vital need over the internet have increased to a great extent. Looking at the e-commerce market on a sectorial basis during the pandemic, the biggest increase was seen in e-food trade with a growth of approximately 400%. Within that period, it is predicted that our purchasing habits will change rapidly and virtual markets will become much more important in our lives. The delivery of food products to the consumer has always been a big problem. The risk of deterioration of the products in a short time and the physical destruction of the products during their transportation has increased the importance of food logistics. The logistics channels are needed to be developed in order to increase e-food trade. For this reason, contemporary logistics channels have started to be used by integrating developed logistics applications to the traditional logistics channels. It will be much faster and cost-efficient to deliver the products to the consumer with the new logistics channels in the near future. Yield penalty due to transportation will decrease, and since the number of stock brokers is reduced, the consumer will be able to reach the product they demand at a more affordable price from the producer that they have chosen. In the future, physical stores will be replaced by logistics-supported virtual markets. The agriculture and food sector should also start working in order to accommodate quickly to the new trade order.
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Single-use plastic (SUP) products are designed to be used only once or for a short time before being discarded. This research focused on personal protective equipment (PPE) made of SUP-based products (face masks, gloves, etc.) and SUP packaging during the COVID-19 era. One of the most obvious effects of the pandemic has been the increase in the use of PPE not only by healthcare professionals but also by the general public. As part of the fight against the pandemic, quarantines were started in many countries;people had to work from home, and shops were closed. Online shopping became more common. The increase in e-commerce also increased the use of SUP packaging. Here, we present an estimation of the number of daily single-use face masks and the amount of medical waste, considering the current COVID-19 cases and population. As a result of our calculations, we show that while the daily amount of medical waste is greatest in the European region, the number of single-use face masks used each day is highest in Asia. These results are associated with the number of COVID-19 cases and population data in the regions. Medical waste and number of patients were directly proportional, as were population and face mask waste. We are faced with plastic pollution that is becoming more difficult to control each day. In the current circumstances, within the scope of combating the possible plastic pandemic, we should prevent the shift of beneficial plastic from a preservative to a pollutant by prioritizing individual, societal, and institutional reforms to minimize plastic pollution. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Digital technology development caused the digital transformation of the economy and society. E-commerce, the most widespread among digital innovations, reached a significant share, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, impacting economic growth. The progress of digital technologies and the evolution of e-commerce can contribute to the more sustainable development of organizations and worldwide economies. This paper analyzed the influences of digital transformation and e-commerce on GDP and sustainable development. The study used the Eurostat database to gather the research variables for the EU countries. The paper used artificial neural networks and cluster analysis to reveal the significant influence of digital transformation and e-commerce on GDP and sustainable organizational development. Countries with a low level of digital transformation and e-commerce should propel these activities to increase economic performance sustainably.
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This book explores how digital technologies have proved to be a useful and necessary tool to help ensure that local and regional governments on the frontline of the emergency can continue to provide essential public services during the COVID-19 crisis. Indeed, as the demand for digital technologies grows, local and regional governments are increasingly committed to improving the lives of their citizens under the principles of privacy, freedom of expression and democracy. The Digital Revolution began between the late 1950s and 1970s and represents the evolution of technology from the mechanical and analog to the digital. The advent of digital technology has also changed how humans communicate today using computers, smartphones and the internet. Further, the digital revolution has made a tremendous wealth of information accessible to virtually everyone. In turn, the book focuses on key challenges for local and regional governments concerning digital technologies during this crisis, e.g. the balance between privacy and security, the digital divide, and accessibility. Privacy is a challenge in the mitigation of COVID-19, as governments rely on digital technologies like contact-tracking apps and big data to help trace peoples patterns and movements. While these methods are controversial and may infringe on rights to privacy, they also appear to be effective measures for rapidly controlling and limiting the spread of the virus. Next, the book discusses the 10 technology trends that can help build a resilient society, as well as their effects on how we do business, how we work, how we produce goods, how we learn, how we seek medical services and how we entertain ourselves. Lastly, the book addresses a range of diversified technologies, e.g. Online Shopping and Robot Deliveries, Digital and Contactless Payments, Remote Work, Distance Learning, Telehealth, Online Entertainment, Supply Chain 4.0, 3D Printing, Robotics and Drones, 5G, and Information and Communications Technology (ICT). © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.
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Big data analytics (BDA), as a new innovation tool, played an important role in helping businesses to survive and thrive during great crises and mega disruptions like COVID-19 by transitioning to and scaling e-commerce. Accordingly, the main purpose of the current research was to have a meaningful comprehensive overview of BDA and innovation in e-commerce research published in journals indexed by the Scopus database. In order to describe, explore, and analyze the evolution of publication (co-citation, co-authorship, bibliographical coupling, etc.), the bibliometric method has been utilized to analyze 541 documents from the international Scopus database by using different programs such as VOSviewer and Rstudio. The results of this paper show that many researchers in the e-commerce area focused on and applied data analytical solutions to fight the COVID-19 disease and establish preventive actions against it in various innovative manners. In addition, BDA and innovation in e-commerce is an interdisciplinary research field that could be explored from different perspectives and approaches, such as technology, business, commerce, finance, sociology, and economics. Moreover, the research findings are considered an invitation to those data analysts and innovators to contribute more to the body of the literature through high-impact industry-oriented research which can improve the adoption process of big data analytics and innovation in organizations. Finally, this study proposes future research agenda and guidelines suggested to be explored further.
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Policymakers were surprised to find increases in sales tax revenues in 2020 due to expectations that they would drop 8-20%. We investigate this puzzle and provide novel insights into consumption taxes based on this experience. Using a case study from the State of Utah, we document that shifts in the structure of consumption played a significant role in the robustness of sales tax revenue. Two factors stand out in our results. The first factor is the structure of the tax base for sales taxes in the USA. This tax base covers only a subset of personal consumption, excluding, for example, many services. During the pandemic, when services were restricted or shut down, this caused a shift in spending toward goods that are more likely to be in the sales tax base. The second factor is the boom in e-commerce during the pandemic, which boosted sales tax collections. This was catalyzed by recent legal changes that made the collection of sales taxes in e-commerce easier. Interestingly, this e-commerce boost also shifted the point of sale and related sales tax revenues away from urban areas toward suburban areas. Our case study of the pandemic's effect on sales taxes in the USA generally, and Utah's experience specifically, provides lessons for consumption taxes, such as the VAT more broadly, and lessons on the role of consumption taxes for tax revenue volatility.
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In the age of COVID-19, many governments imposed social distancing, work-from-home, and crowd control measures, which continue to affect economic development and forces service providers to be increasingly reliant on e-commerce and m-commerce platform technology. Moreover, due to the availability of 5G network speeds, cell phone applications and the Internet services have become indispensable for future smart lifestyles, prompting brick-and-mortar businesses to shift their sales models to mobile network operators (MNOs). To popularize the use of m-commerce, it is critical to ensure that service platforms operate well and give the customer what they want. It is thus essential to create a comprehensive and complete performance framework for the evaluation of m-commerce services. In this paper, a hybrid model is developed to explore this issue and the effectiveness and robustness of the model is illustrated by an application to two major food delivery platforms in Taiwan. The Bayesian Best Worst Method (BBWM) is applied to identify the criteria weights and ranks. The judgments of 14 experts are integrated to obtain the optimal group criteria weights. The performance data were obtained from a survey of 210 experienced users of these delivery platforms. The difference between the actual performance of each delivery platform and the aspiration level (AL) was calculated using the modified Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (modified PROMETHEE) to determine an overall score for each delivery platform. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted and comparison made with other Multiple Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods. The results show that information security and privacy, integrity, and mobile transaction service are the most important criteria, with Food Panda performing better than the other mobile food delivery service provider. The proposed evaluation framework is useful for performance evaluation of mobile commerce service quality, and providing effective suggestions to assist decision-makers in creating development strategies.
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E-commerce is creating growth opportunities for e-retailers, especially during the Covid-19 outbreak. It increases the perceptions of both providers and customers toward their shopping convenience. In 2021, Vietnam became one of the fastest-growing countries among Southeast Asia's Internet economies. However, both scholars and management practitioners have argued the inconsistent assessments of the factors affecting customer purchase behavior in online settings. Thus, this study aims to identify the critical factors influencing customer behavioral intention toward e-commerce websites that were adopted from well-established models and relevant literature. The online survey was the data collection method. All items were measured through a 5-point Likert scale. This study proposed and analyzed a conceptual framework using existing survey data from 312 samples in the context of online buying via e-commerce websites. Data were analyzed by using the statistical tool SPSS. The results indicated that factors including perceived usefulness, transaction security, perceived ease of use, trust, and subjective norm positively influence customer shopping intention. The results revealed the most prominent impact of the transaction security on customer purchase intention. Besides, perceived risk is a significant barrier in online shopping through e-commerce websites. The researchers have brought practical insights and made conceptual contributions by extending existing research on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and theory of planned behavior (TPB) regarding online shopping on the e-commerce website. The paper helps to validate and strengthen the importance of customer purchase intention in an e-shopping environment. The findings would help e-commerce providers be able to formulate specific strategies to increase customer usage significantly. Moreover, managers can focus their attention and resources on the greatest significant factors regarding their effects on behavioral intention.
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Shifting to mobile payments from offline payments can be considered as a social distancing measure in times of a pandemic. The COVID-19 outbreak is currently entering its 'endemic' stage;continued usage of mobile-based payment services is thereby warranted as a social distancing mechanism. This could be true in case of any other pandemic/endemic outbreaks like SARS/Nipah virus outbreaks. The current study examines how the 'perceived' health threat posed by COVID-19 and mobile payment service quality (MPSQ) influence consumers' perceived value toward continuous usage of mobile payment services (MPS) in India. In addition, the investigation considers other factors that prompt consumers to continue using the service. Customers, who used mobile payment applications for making cashless transactions during the pandemic, formed the subjects of the study. Data were collected from 720 mobile payment users. The research model integrates the concept of health threat in health belief model to means-end chain model to explain why a customer opts to choose m-payment at times of a pandemic, and what prompts him/her to continue with its usage. The model was empirically tested with structural equation modeling, along with mediation and moderation analysis. It was found that MPSQ, perceived susceptibility, and perceived severity of COVID-19 significantly enhanced consumers' value perceptions regarding MPS, which leads to satisfaction and continuance intention of using the same. In addition, the study also found a significant positive moderating role of consumer involvement on the relationship between perceived health threat, perceived value, and MPSQ. The threat of COVID-19, being an endemic, or occurrence of similar pandemics persists, and adopting contactless transactions via MPS to comply with social distancing norms may improve customer value perceptions that could aid in the persistence of MPS usage. Also, derivation of value perceptions out of the service quality acts as a driver to continuous usage.
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Traditional retailers (bricks-and-mortar) have been continuously increasing online sales. However, not all retail companies were able to respond to the increasing sales with the same efficiency level as their competitors. This paper aims to propose a dynamic model – incorporating principles of Optimal Control Theory (OCT) into a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model - for measuring the performance of retailing companies' cost efficiency. It also aims to contribute through the application by investigating the impact of the pandemic on companies from the most prominent developing market in Latin America, Brazil. Twenty-one companies publicly traded in the São Paulo Stock Exchanges (B3) between the third quarter of 2018 (3Q2018) and the third quarter of 2020 (3Q2020) were investigated. Also, six measures - initial inventory cost (IIC), final inventory cost (FIC), net operating income (NOI), cost of goods sold (COGS), cost of the purchased product (CPP), and plant, property, and equipment (PPE) – were considered. In this way, the findings have implications for researchers and practitioners. Practitioners can discover which competitor(s) is (are) adopting the best practices at each operational aspect (e.g., inventory cost). Additionally, the proposed method can be replicated in other markets (developing or not) and for other categories of retailing companies (e.g., small- and middle-sized). Further research directions are presented, and their implications are discussed.
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Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected all sectors, including the food and beverage industry. The pandemic has changed customers' behavior from dine-in services to online food ordering systems. Technology advancements make ordering food easier with Online Food Delivery (OFD) service. However, before buying food online, consumers require a physical assessment to decide to buy the food or beverage. Augmented Reality (AR) is a popular technology to show 3D virtual elements. Meanwhile, the stimulus organism response (SOR) framework can be used to analyze consumers' behavior. More specifically, the SOR model has been used to evaluate the user's behavior intention to accept online shopping apps. However, in the OFD context, there is a lack of research investigating the customer's intention to use the AR app based on the SOR perspective. This study aims to assess the factors influencing consumers' intention to adopt augmented reality apps. 52 AR OFD app customers participate in this study. Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and SMARTPLS 3 was used to analyze the research model. This study evaluated from measurement and structural model. The measurement model using factor loading, Composite Reliability (CR), Average Variance Extracted (AVE), and heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) ratio. The structural model assessed the variance inflation factor (VIF), R2, path coefficient (β), f2, and p-value. The results showed the significance of food image on hedonic, utilitarianism, and perceived informativeness. Furthermore, hedonism was the only determinant that positively influenced the customers' intention to use the AR OFD apps. © IJASEIT is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License.